Chemical Science

Saturday, 29 September 2012

Raman Spectroscopy

It is the shift in wavelength of the inelastically scattered radiation that provides the chemical and structural information. Raman shifted photons can be of either higher or lower energy, depending upon the vibrational state of the molecule under study. For more click here.


Credit: National University of Singapore

Credit: http://www.andor.com/learning-academy

Thursday, 27 September 2012

Symmetry and Group Theory

Group Theory is a mathematical method by which aspects of a molecules symmetry can be determined.

The symmetry of a molecule reveals information about its properties (i.e., structure, spectra, polarity, chirality, etc…)

Credit: http://chemwiki.ucdavis.edu

For more click here.

Courtesy: http://chemistry.rutgers.edu

Wednesday, 26 September 2012

Anti-cancer Drug

Cisplatin is a chemotherapy drug which is used to treat cancers including: sarcoma, small cell lung cancer, germ cell tumors, lymphoma, and ovarian cancer. For more click here.

Courtesy: http://www.cisplatin.org/

Monday, 24 September 2012

Polymers

Prior to the early 1920's, chemists doubted the existence of molecules having molecular weights greater than a few thousand. This limiting view was challenged by Hermann Staudinger, a German chemist with experience in studying natural compounds such as rubber and cellulose. In contrast to the prevailing rationalization of these substances as aggregates of small molecules, Staudinger proposed they were made up of macromolecules composed of 10,000 or more atoms. Read more here.

Courtesy:

Saturday, 22 September 2012

Amino Acid

In 1953, Harold Urey and Stanley Miller carried out an amazing experiment in which they produced "molecules of life" from a mixture of gases that they proposed existed in a primordial earth. The experiments simulated what would happen when lightning strikes provided energy for chemical reactions in the atmosphere and suggested a hypothesis for how life might have developed on our planet. Amino acids were the vital molecules that formed in this experiment and supported this hypothesis for the origin of life.

Friday, 21 September 2012

The Common Ion Effect

The presence of a common ion suppresses the ionization of a weak acid or a weak base. The common ion effect is the shift in equilibrium caused by the addition of a compound having an ion in common with the dissolved substance. For more click here.

Courtesy: Dr. Walter S. Hamilton, https://chemistry.twu.edu

Thursday, 20 September 2012

Stereochemistry

Stereoisomerism is a more subtle kind of isomerism in which the isomers differ only in their spatial arrangement, not in their connectivity. Cis- and Trans-1,4-dimethylcyclohexane are a good example of a pair of stereoisomers. For more click here.

Courtesy: Professor Nathan L. Bauld, http://research.cm.utexas.edu

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Do not get over excited over happiness and do not get over depressed over sorrow.

Do not get over bonded with anyone and anybody because it can lead to problems and sorrow.

Never think that my duty is the topmost or lowermost. Every duty is respectful. The responsibility undertaken or given as per the position is the noblest duty.

Elevate yourselves, family, society and nation and never denigrate yourselves, family, society and nation.

We are our own closest relatives and if not properly utilised we will become our closest enemies.

There are possibilities of success and failure in any endeavour. One cannot assure success always.

Death is inevitable for everyone in this world. In any endeavour at the maximum an individual may die.

People may say good and also they may say bad. Approach them with stabilised mind.

Take anything after scientifically, logically and rationally analysing them.

Perform your duty, responsibility and accept the privileges eligible for you.

First change ourselves and then try to change others.

We are all instruments /tools in the hands of the nature for performing the duty. So do not think that I am doing the duty. Think that I am an instrument to do the duty.

Results of action may not be sweet always. Accept what ever may be the result.

Follow the path of great scholars who guided the world. Listen their messages.

Results and rewards will come and go but stick to your duty with devotion, dedication and sincerity.

Subhashitham

उद्यमेनैव सिध्यन्ति कार्याणि न मनोरथै: ।
न हि सुप्तस्य सिंहस्य प्रविशन्ति मुखे मृगा: ॥

अयं निज: परो वेति गणना लघुचेतसाम् ।
उदारचरितानां तु वसुधैव कुटुम्बकम् ॥

न कश्चिदपि जानाति
किं कस्य श्वो भविष्यति ।
अतः श्वः करणीयानि
कुर्यादद्धैव वुद्धिमान् ॥

आचार्यात् पादमादते पादं शिष्यः स्वमेधया ।
पादं सब्रह्मचारिभ्यः पादं कालक्रमेण च ॥

उपकारिषु यः साधुः सधुत्वे तस्य को गुणः ।
अपकारिषु यः साधुः स साधुरिति कीर्तितः ॥

च्छायामन्यस्य कुर्वन्ति तिष्ठन्ति स्वयमातपे ।
फलान्यापि परार्थाय वृक्षाः सत्पुरुषाः इव ॥

जलबिन्दुनिपातेन क्रमशः पूर्यते घटः ।
स हेतुः सर्वविद्यानां धर्मस्य च धनस्य च ॥

अग्निशेषमृणशेषं शत्रुशेषं तथैव च |
पुन: पुन: प्रवर्धेत तस्माच्शेषं न कारयेत् ||

पृथिव्यां त्रीणि रत्नानि जलमन्नं सुभाषितम् |
मूढै: पाषाणखण्डेषु रत्नसंज्ञा प्रदीयते ||

नाभिषेको न संस्कार: सिंहस्य क्रियते मृगैः |
विक्रमार्जितराज्यस्य स्वयमेव मृगेंद्रता ||

स्वभावो नोपदेशेन शक्यते कर्तुमन्यथा ।
सुतप्तमपि पानीयं पुनर्गच्छति शीतताम् ॥

यस्मिन् जीवति जीवन्ति बहवः स तु जीवति ।
काकोपि किं न कुरुते चञ्च्वा स्वोदरपूर्णम् ॥

दनेन तुल्यो विधिरास्ति नान्यो
लोभोच नान्योस्ति रिपुः पृथिव्या ।
विभूषणं शीलसमं च नान्यत्
सन्तोषतुल्यं धनमस्ति नान्यत् ॥

संरोहति अग्निना दग्धं वनं परशुना हतं ।
वाचा दुरुक्तं बीभत्सं न संरोहति वाक् क्षतम् ॥

अहो दुर्जनसंसर्गात् मानहानिः पदे पदे ।
पावको लोहसंगेन मुद्रगरैरभिताद्यते ॥

द्वौ अम्भसि निवेष्टव्यौ गले बद्ध्वा दृढां शिलाम् । धनवन्तम् अदातारम् दरिद्रं च अतपस्विनम् ॥

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