Antibiotics are substances that inhibit the growth of microorganisms
(anti-
metabolites
) or their replication (a bacteriostatic effect). They were traditionally
obtained by extracting them from
cultures
of microbes. However, most drugs on the market today are
semisynthetic
derivatives of natural
products. Sulfa drugs, discovered in the 1930s, were the first
antimicrobial agents put into clinical use.
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